The beaten and insulted by his conversion to Judaism Boaron The venerable rabbi could not believe what their eyes. Bellido de Sant Feliu Francesc neatly unfolded a tallit that her mother had knitted when I was a child, 60 years ago, to follow the precepts of their religion secret. White with blue stripes at each end, the Jewish prayer shawl did not differ in any way from her own mother had bequeathed to him or millions of Jews around the world. The extraordinary thing was that Bell was born and raised in Cirat in the rugged interior of Castellón, in a land where Jews had officially ended five centuries ago, when Reyes Catholics were given a choice between exile or conversion.
Boaron, the right hand of the Grand Rabbi of Israel, was with a religious delegation in Barcelona on March 31 and April 1 (the two visited the old Jewish quarter of Girona) to hear the cases of dozens of descendants of converts Iberia claiming the right to belong to the people of Israel. What was most special to the committee is that most of these people have not only preserved the memory, but also rituals and traditions of their ancestors Israelites. Bellido  | prayers recited in Hebrew that his mother had taught him, explained that the candles lit Saturday, instructed him in carrying out the precepts and even he recited an old proverb: "From Sefarad (Hispania) I am a Jaya (soldier) / fabled safa (language) Castilian / as the purest villain / never tasted the challah (Sabbath bread). " At his home in Cirat (Upper Mijares Valencia, English language), Bell remembers a mezuzah, the capsule with prayers that all Jewish homes placed on the doorpost. However, they had it inside, and in the foyer, and covered with plaster. Other ritual objects, like the menorah, the candelabrum with seven branches, were hiding in a closet.
Bell's case is repeated in throughout the Iberian Peninsula, where many families have been preserved through generations Jewish traits and in some cases, the provisions in full. It is impossible to give figures because they are still hidden, but people who claim to Israel are descendants of several thousand. "Everywhere in the 52 English provinces, there are secret Jews, but Spain is still a very anti-Semitic country and still do not feel safe," said a Valencian prefer your name not appear. The survival of Judaism is documented in Spain and Portugal until the late eighteenth century, 300 years after the decree of the Catholic Kings. Files of the Inquisition reveal tens of thousands of cases of heresy to those dates. Historians say that more than half of Jewish exile avoided by converting to Christianity, but most also secretly continued to practice the religion of their parents. Thus was born the crypto, they were also called pigs, a name that remains very much alive in many Portuguese families.
When netted a court accused of Judaizing heretic immediately fell relatives and friends from different parts of Spain and Portugal, because for centuries the crypto maintained a network of contacts that enabled them to help, meet and bargain holiday marriages without which tradition had disappeared. The Judaizers files disappear just as the Holy Office that chased them moderates, in the late eighteenth century, and, finally, is abolished in the early nineteenth century. |
A brand ham | La Paz Marina Valencia also Peris tells how her paternal grandparents lit in the Galician village of Rivadavia Sabbath candles in a pot so that neighbors do not perceive that as a child and discovered in his attic hidden books written "in house", which later was learned that the Hebrew alphabet. Her maternal grandmother kept up appearances to avoid outdoor cooking. The Inquisition prosecuted many suspects for cooking with vegetable oil or not to eat pork. "I always saw a ham in the pantry - Marina-account, which should be inherited, because I had been there for years, so that the neighbors see him." The grandmother gave the rabbits bred (forbidden by Jewish law) to the neighbors, "however, gave no or a chicken." The Peace Navy family had to balance during the long Franco to hide his true religion. When a social event rejected the pork, they argued that fattened, and said that the seafood they produce disorders. When invited to a wedding they always came at the end of Mass, "with the excuse of the dressmaker or a shoe broken "because they had reservations about entering the church. | The family also managed to have a plot in the cemetery without a single cross, which also buried atheists and suicide. When in 1948 he founded the State of Israel, 37 of his cousins \u200b\u200bemigrated en masse starring an aliyah (return) incredible for the world, because theoretically the Jews had for centuries Sefarad finish.
Marina, who is 55, still met the clandestine network that united the Iberian Jews . When he turned 18, his parents took him home some young people to marry within the group. "It was a secret service crypto. There were pimps to get in contact with people, and I brought guys in Cordoba, Navarra and Valencia same, and some central European families who were related to my parents, "he says.  The rabbinical committee also heard lusos representatives. In Portugal - where the Jews were forcibly converted, without the possibility of exile, some communities have remained perfectly formed, and during the 1920 and 1930 there was a significant move, the Obra do Resgate, which led to many pigs at the synagogue and set up schools for children. |
Another group that said if the rabbis was to Chuetas, Mallorcans carriers of 15 names, descendants of the last converts repressed by the Inquisition in the late seventeenth century, were stigmatized until recently, because they lived
grouped in the old call of s'Argenteria of Palma. After Barcelona, \u200b\u200bthe Israeli commission traveled to Mallorca and Porto. Rabbi Boaron was impressed by the testimony he had heard and recognized as a land of Sephardic Jews. In his words, there is a willingness of the Chief Rabbinate for the Bnei Anousim (children of the convicts) to return to Israel with full honors.
For
Eugeni Casanova, author the book "Els Jueus amagats. Supervivents of the Inquisition to the segle Sefarad XXI" (Column, 2005).
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